This paper summarizes Professor

ZHAO Jiping

's acupuncture diagnostic and therapeutic approach for tic disorders (TD). Focusing on the pathological characteristics of tic disorder (TD)

this study analyzes TD's multilayered disease localization. Based on disease-based differentiation

it is proposed that the fundamental pathological location lie in the liver and brain

while the manifestation is in the sinew meridians. The core pathogenesis is characterized as "internal stirring of wind due to liver hyperactivity

upward disturbance of the mind in the brain

and external disharmony of the sinews"

based on which the fundamental therapeutic principles are established as calming the liver and extinguishing wind

tranquilizing the mind and awakening the brain

and dredging and regulating the sinews. In clinical practice

attention is paid to meridian and acupoint examination

integrating the four diagnostic methods to assess the deficiency or excess of the liver

the state of the mind

and the condition of the sinews. Acupoint selection emphasizes three regulatory strategies: (1) liver regulation: Taichong (LR3)

Hegu (LI4) are selected to sooth

e the liver and regulate

qi

; (2) brain regulation: Baihui (GV20)

Shenting (GV24)

Yintang (GV24

+

)

Fengchi (GB20) are selected to calm the mind and stabilize the spirit; (3) sinew regulation: Yanglingquan (GB34)

Zusanli (ST36)

Quchi (LI11) are selected to regulate

qi

and blood and relax the sinews. Manipulation techniques

as well as various acupuncture and moxibustion methods

are also emphasized. A differential treatment framework of "layered disease localization-corresponding pathogenesis-precise acupoint selection and technique" has been established to provide a clinical guide for the diagnosis and treatment of TD.